Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp., 475 U.S. 574 (1986), was an antitrust case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States. It raised the standard for surviving summary judgment to unambiguous evidence that tends to exclude an innocent interpretation. Specifically the issue was whether there was a horizontal "agreement" and the court held that the evidence must tend to exclude the possibility of independent action to be sufficient to survive summary judgment.